@article{JTD30849,
author = {Tim Bishop and Derek Clark and Heather Bendyk and Joey Bell and David Jaynes},
title = {An assessment of the distance between the phrenic nerve and major intrathoracic structures},
journal = {Journal of Thoracic Disease},
volume = {11},
number = {8},
year = {2019},
keywords = {},
abstract = {Background: There is a lack of consensus in the literature regarding phrenic nerve proximity to thoracic structures at the level of the diaphragm. This study was undertaken to provide thoracic surgeons data on phrenic nerve location in order to reduce iatrogenic injury during invasive surgery.
Methods: Bilateral thoracic dissection was performed on 43 embalmed human cadavers (25 males; 18 females) and data was obtained from 33 left and 40 right phrenic nerves. The site of phrenic nerve penetration into the diaphragm was identified. Calipers were used to measure the distance from each phrenic nerve to the: inferior vena cava (IVC), descending aorta, esophagus, lateral thoracic wall and anterior thoracic wall.
Results: Mean thoracic diameter of male cadavers was significantly greater than that of female cadavers (P value },
issn = {2077-6624}, url = {https://jtd.amegroups.org/article/view/30849}
}