Hybrid ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation: how to merge the best from both worlds

A close collaboration between the cardiac surgeon and the electrophysiologist in a hybrid fashion has represented a novel and intriguing opportunity in order to address the most common supra-ventricular tachyarrhythmia (i.e., atrial fibrillation) and to overcome the drawbacks and suboptimal results of both catheter ablation and minimally invasive surgical procedures, especially in the most complex and chronic scenarios.