Combination immuno-oncology therapy with immune checkpoint blockers targeting PD-L1, PD-1 or CTLA4 and epigenetic drugs targeting MYC and immune evasion for precision medicine

Therapeutics targeting epigenetic regulators (1-3), immune modulators (4-6) and receptor tyrosine kinases (7-9) have emerged as promising drugs for cancer patients who are refractory to conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery (Figure 1). These cutting-edge therapeutics, together with next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies that produce bulk genomics-related data as commodities of clinical medicine, have led to a gradual shift toward personalized or precision medicine.