In-stent restenosis and thrombosis due to metal hypersensitivity: implications for Kounis syndrome

The metal platforms used in interventional cardiology can prevent the late luminal enlargement and induce advantageous vascular remodeling, but have failed to prevent restenosis which remains a problem due to neointimal hyperplasia. Therefore, the first and the second generation drug-eluting stents have been developed in an effort to prevent vessel restenosis.