Development and internal validation of dynamic nomograms for predicting recurrence and survival in patients with resected combined small cell lung cancer

The clinical features and prognosis of combined small cell lung cancer (C-SCLC) are not well understood. Given the unique histological heterogeneity of C-SCLC, the 8th tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system has limited prognostic accuracy in this population, necessitating a dedicated prediction model. This study aimed to develop and internally validate dynamic nomograms incorporating combined subtypes and serum tumor markers to predict recurrence and survival in patients with resected C-SCLC.