Tracheo-innominate artery fistula caused by isolated innominate artery pseudo-aneurysm rupture

Tracheo-innominate fistula (TIF) is a very rare but fatal complication of tracheostomy, with an incidence of 0.1–1.0% (1). Isolated innominate artery aneurysm is also rare but its treatment is essential due to the risk of aneurysmal rupture and a subsequent thromboembolic event. Isolated innominate artery aneurysm may cause the extrinsic compression and erosion of the trachea and, very rarely, the development of TIF (2). Here we present a case of TIF caused by the rupture of an innominate artery aneurysm.